What Is Classic Surface Neurofeedback?

Classic neurofeedback — also called surface neurofeedback or single-channel neurofeedback — trains brainwave activity at specific scalp locations using one or two electrode sites. It targets the surface electrical activity of the cortex, rewarding or inhibiting specific frequency bands at sites like C3, C4, Cz, Fz, or others identified through clinical protocols or QEEG mapping.

Classic neurofeedback has the longest research history of any neurofeedback modality and forms the foundation of most ADHD, anxiety, and sleep protocols. At North Austin Neurofeedback, classic protocols informed by QEEG brain mapping are the backbone of most of our training plans.

What Is LORETA Neurofeedback?

LORETA (Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography) neurofeedback is a more advanced form of brain training that targets deep cortical structures rather than surface-level activity. Using 19 electrodes simultaneously, LORETA imaging reconstructs three-dimensional images of brain activity, allowing clinicians to train specific Brodmann areas — named regions of the cortex associated with particular cognitive and emotional functions.

Where classic neurofeedback trains “where” you place the electrode, LORETA trains “which brain structure” you’re targeting. This makes it particularly valuable for complex presentations involving multiple regions, including treatment-resistant depression, OCD, PTSD, and cognitive recovery following TBI.

Which Is Right for Me?

The choice between classic and LORETA neurofeedback depends on your QEEG findings, your presenting symptoms, and your treatment history. Many clients benefit from a combination — beginning with classic protocols for surface-level dysregulation and incorporating LORETA for deeper structures as training progresses. At North Austin Neurofeedback, Gil reviews your QEEG data and discusses which approach is likely to produce the best outcome for your specific brain patterns and goals.

References

Thatcher, R. W. (2010). Validity and reliability of quantitative electroencephalography. Journal of Neurotherapy, 14(2), 122-152.